I hid the Dock icon and the status menu in Time Out; how can I access the settings?

Ah, the trick for people who want to make it hard to change the settings!

With both the Dock icon and status item hidden, the only way to access the settings is to open the app from the Finder, then press ⌘, — i.e. the Command and Comma keys together; the standard shortcut for displaying settings.

Time Out warns you about this when you turn off those options:

Time Out warning